Pushing the envelope

Pushing the Envelope: Antitrust Implications of the Envelope Theorem

When to Push the Envelope: Legal Ethics, the Rule of Law, and National Security Strategy

This Article argues for pushing the envelope when three conditions are met: (1) the executive engages in dialogue with other players, either before the fact or through timely ex post ratification; (2) pushing the envelope will generate a net positive aggregate of institutional consequences, viewed from an intermediate and long-term perspective; and (3) pushing the envelope harmonizes executive ...

Kinetochores accelerate centrosome separation to ensure faithful chromosome segregation.

At the onset of mitosis, cells need to break down their nuclear envelope, form a bipolar spindle and attach the chromosomes to microtubules via kinetochores. Previous studies have shown that spindle bipolarization can occur either before or after nuclear envelope breakdown. In the latter case, early kinetochore-microtubule attachments generate pushing forces that accelerate centrosome separatio...

Pushing the Envelope : Unleashing the Potential of HighContrast Imaging

Kinetochore-generated pushing forces separate centrosomes during bipolar spindle assembly

In animal somatic cells, bipolar spindle formation requires separation of the centrosome-based spindle poles. Centrosome separation relies on multiple pathways, including cortical forces and antiparallel microtubule (MT) sliding, which are two activities controlled by the protein kinase aurora A. We previously found that depletion of the human kinetochore protein Mcm21R(CENP-O) results in monop...